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Compare Hong Kong (2004) - Togo (2001)

Compare Hong Kong (2004) z Togo (2001)

 Hong Kong (2004)Togo (2001)
 Hong KongTogo
Administrative divisions none (special administrative region of China) 5 regions (regions, singular - region); De La Kara, Des Plateaux, Des Savanes, Du Centre, Maritime
Age structure 0-14 years: 14.2% (male 510,702; female 465,145)


15-64 years: 73.3% (male 2,461,914; female 2,560,382)


65 years and over: 12.5% (male 394,697; female 462,285) (2004 est.)
0-14 years:
45.63% (male 1,179,650; female 1,171,748)

15-64 years:
51.92% (male 1,302,197; female 1,373,247)

65 years and over:
2.45% (male 54,651; female 71,595) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products fresh vegetables, poultry, fish, pork coffee, cocoa, cotton, yams, cassava (tapioca), corn, beans, rice, millet, sorghum; livestock; fish
Airports 4 (2003 est.) 9 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 4


over 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1


914 to 1523 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
total:
2

2,438 to 3,047 m:
2 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total:
7

914 to 1,523 m:
5

under 914 m:
2 (2000 est.)
Area total: 1,092 sq km


land: 1,042 sq km


water: 50 sq km
total:
56,785 sq km

land:
54,385 sq km

water:
2,400 sq km
Area - comparative six times the size of Washington, DC slightly smaller than West Virginia
Background Occupied by the UK in 1841, Hong Kong was formally ceded by China the following year; various adjacent lands were added later in the 19th century. Pursuant to an agreement signed by China and the UK on 19 December 1984, Hong Kong became the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China on 1 July 1997. In this agreement, China has promised that, under its "one country, two systems" formula, China's socialist economic system will not be imposed on Hong Kong and that Hong Kong will enjoy a high degree of autonomy in all matters except foreign and defense affairs for the next 50 years. French Togoland became Togo in 1960. General Gnassingbe EYADEMA, installed as military ruler in 1967, is Africa's longest-serving head of state. Despite the facade of multiparty elections that resulted in EYADEMA's victory in 1993, the government continues to be dominated by the military. In addition, Togo has come under fire from international organizations for human rights abuses and is plagued by political unrest. Most bilateral and multilateral aid to Togo remains frozen.
Birth rate 7.23 births/1,000 population (2004 est.) 37.04 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $26.17 billion


expenditures: $32.64 billion, including capital expenditures of $5 billion (2003)
revenues:
$232 million

expenditures:
$252 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997 est.)
Capital - Lome
Climate tropical monsoon; cool and humid in winter, hot and rainy from spring through summer, warm and sunny in fall tropical; hot, humid in south; semiarid in north
Coastline 733 km 56 km
Constitution Basic Law approved in March 1990 by China's National People's Congress is Hong Kong's "mini-constitution" multiparty draft constitution approved by High Council of the Republic 1 July 1992; adopted by public referendum 27 September 1992
Country name conventional long form: Hong Kong Special Administrative Region


conventional short form: Hong Kong


local long form: Xianggang Tebie Xingzhengqu


local short form: Xianggang


abbreviation: HK
conventional long form:
Togolese Republic

conventional short form:
Togo

local long form:
Republique Togolaise

local short form:
none

former:
French Togoland
Currency Hong Kong dollar (HKD) Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States
Death rate 5.98 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) 11.24 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $59.21 billion (2003 est.) $1.5 billion (1999)
Dependency status special administrative region of China -
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Consul General James KEITH


consulate(s) general: 26 Garden Road, Hong Kong


mailing address: PSC 461, Box 1, FPO AP 96521-0006


telephone: [852] 2523-9011


FAX: [852] 2524-0860
chief of mission:
Ambassador Karl HOFMANN

embassy:
Angle Rue Kouenou and Rue 15 Beniglato, Lome

mailing address:
B. P. 852, Lome

telephone:
[228] 21 29 91 through 21 29 94

FAX:
[228] 21 79 52
Diplomatic representation in the US none (special administrative region of China) chief of mission:
Ambassador Akoussoulelov BODJONA

chancery:
2208 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 234-4212

FAX:
[1] (202) 232-3190
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient - $201.1 million (1995)
Economy - overview Hong Kong has a free market economy highly dependent on international trade. Natural resources are limited, and food and raw materials must be imported. Imports and exports, including reexports, each exceed GDP in dollar value. Even before Hong Kong reverted to Chinese administration on 1 July 1997 it had extensive trade and investment ties with China. Hong Kong has been further integrating its economy with China because China's growing openness to the world economy has increased competitive pressure on Hong Kong's service industries, and Hong Kong's re-export business from China is a major driver of growth. Per capita GDP compares with the level in the four big economies of Western Europe. GDP growth averaged a strong 5% in 1989-1997, but Hong Kong suffered two recessions in the past 6 years because of the Asian financial crisis in 1998 and the global downturn of 2001-2002. The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) outbreak also battered Hong Kong's economy, but a boom in tourism from the mainland because of China's easing of travel restrictions, a return of consumer confidence, and a solid rise in exports resulted in the resumption of strong growth in late 2003. This small sub-Saharan economy is heavily dependent on both commercial and subsistence agriculture, which provides employment for 65% of the labor force. Some basic foodstuffs must still be imported. Together, cocoa, coffee, and cotton generate some 40% of export earnings, with cotton being the most significant cash crop despite falling prices on the world market. In the industrial sector, phosphate mining is by far the most important activity. Togo is the world's fourth largest producer, and geological advantages keep production costs low. The recently privatized mining operation, Office Togolais des Phosphates (OTP), is slowly recovering from a steep fall in prices in the early 1990's, but continues to face the challenge of tough foreign competition, exacerbated by weakening demand. Togo serves as a regional commercial and trade center. It continues to expand its duty-free export-processing zone (EPZ), launched in 1989, which has attracted enterprises from France, Italy, Scandinavia, the US, India, and China and created jobs for Togolese nationals. The government's decade-long effort, supported by the World Bank and the IMF, to implement economic reform measures, encourage foreign investment, and bring revenues in line with expenditures has stalled. Progress depends on following through on privatization, increased openness in government financial operations, progress towards legislative elections, and possible downsizing of the military, on which the regime has depended to stay in place. Lack of foreign aid, deterioration of the financial sector, energy shortages, and depressed commodity prices continue to constrain economic growth; however, Togo did realize a 3% gain in GDP in 1999. The takeover of the national power company by a Franco-Canadian consortium in 2000 should ease the energy crisis and if successful legislative elections pave the way for increased aid, growth should rise to 5% a year in 2001-02.
Electricity - consumption 37.12 billion kWh (2001) 511.6 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 1.581 billion kWh (2001) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 10.36 billion kWh (2001) 426 million kWh

note:
electricity supplied by Ghana (1999)
Electricity - production 30.48 billion kWh (2001) 92 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
97.83%

hydro:
2.17%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: South China Sea 0 m


highest point: Tai Mo Shan 958 m
lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Mont Agou 986 m
Environment - current issues air and water pollution from rapid urbanization deforestation attributable to slash-and-burn agriculture and the use of wood for fuel; water pollution presents health hazards and hinders the fishing industry; air pollution increasing in urban areas
Environment - international agreements party to: Marine Dumping (associate member) party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Chinese 95%, other 5% native African (37 tribes; largest and most important are Ewe, Mina, and Kabre) 99%, European and Syrian-Lebanese less than 1%
Exchange rates Hong Kong dollars per US dollar - 7.7868 (2003), 7.7989 (2002), 7.7988 (2001), 7.7912 (2000), 7.7575 (1999) Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar - 699.21 (January 2001), 711.98 (2000), 615.70 (1999), 589.95 (1998), 583.67 (1997), 511.55 (1996); note - from 1 January 1999, the XOF is pegged to the euro at a rate of 655.957 XOF per euro
Executive branch chief of state: President of China HU Jintao (since 15 March 2003)


head of government: Chief Executive TUNG Chee-hwa (since 1 July 1997)


cabinet: Executive Council consists of seven non-official members and 14 official members; including Chief Secretary Donald TSANG Yam-kuen (since 1 May 2001), Financial Secretary Henry TANG (since 2 August 2003), and Secretary of Justice Elsie LEUNG (since 1 July 1997)


elections: TUNG Chee-hwa was elected to a second term in March 2002 by an 800-member election committee dominated by pro-Beijing forces; the next election is scheduled to be held in 2007
chief of state:
President Gen. Gnassingbe EYADEMA (since 14 April 1967)

head of government:
Prime Minister Agbeyome KODJO (since 29 August 2000)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the president and the prime minister

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 21 June 1998 (next to be held NA 2003); prime minister appointed by the president

election results:
Gnassingbe EYADEMA reelected president; percent of vote - Gnassingbe EYADEMA 52.13%, Gilchrist OLYMPIO 34.12%, other 13.75%
Exports NA (2001) $336 million (f.o.b., 2000)
Exports - commodities electrical machinery and appliances, textiles, apparel, footwear, watches and clocks, toys, plastics, precious stones cotton, phosphates, coffee, cocoa
Exports - partners China 42.6%, US 18.7%, Japan 5.4% (2003) Nigeria, Brazil, Canada, Philippines (1999)
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March calendar year
Flag description red with a stylized, white, five-petal bauhinia flower in the center five equal horizontal bands of green (top and bottom) alternating with yellow; there is a white five-pointed star on a red square in the upper hoist-side corner; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia
GDP purchasing power parity - $213 billion (2003 est.) purchasing power parity - $7.3 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 0.1%


industry: 12.1%


services: 87.9% (2003 est.)
agriculture:
42%

industry:
21%

services:
37% (1997)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $28,800 (2003 est.) purchasing power parity - $1,500 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 3.3% (2003 est.) 3.4% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 22 15 N, 114 10 E 8 00 N, 1 10 E
Geography - note more than 200 islands -
Heliports 2 (2003 est.) -
Highways total: 1,831 km


paved: 1,831 km


unpaved: 0 km (1999 est.)
total:
7,520 km

paved:
2,376 km

unpaved:
5,144 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Illicit drugs Makes strenuous law enforcement efforts, but faces difficult challenges in controlling transit of heroin and methamphetamine to regional and world markets; modern banking system provides a conduit for money laundering; rising indigenous use of synthetic drugs, especially among young people transit hub for Nigerian heroin and cocaine traffickers
Imports NA (2001) $452 million (f.o.b., 2000)
Imports - commodities electrical machinery and appliances, textiles, foodstuffs, transport equipment, raw materials, semimanufactures, petroleum, plastics; a large share is reexported machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products
Imports - partners China 43.5%, Japan 11.9%, Taiwan 6.9%, US 5.5%, Singapore 5%, South Korea 4.8% (2003) Ghana, China, France, Cote d'Ivoire (1999)
Independence none (special administrative region of China) 27 April 1960 (from French-administered UN trusteeship)
Industrial production growth rate -9.2% (2003 est.) NA%
Industries textiles, clothing, tourism, banking, shipping, electronics, plastics, toys, watches, clocks phosphate mining, agricultural processing, cement; handicrafts, textiles, beverages
Infant mortality rate total: 2.97 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 3.16 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 2.77 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
70.43 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) -2.6% (2003 est.) 2.5% (2000 est.)
International organization participation APEC, AsDB, BIS, ICC, ICFTU, IHO, IMF, IMO (associate), Interpol (subbureau), IOC, ISO (correspondent), UPU, WCL, WCO, WMO, WToO (associate), WTO ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, ECA, ECOWAS, Entente, FAO, FZ, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ITU, MIPONUH, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WADB, WAEMU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 3 (2000)
Irrigated land 20 sq km (1998 est.) 70 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch Court of Final Appeal in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; Supreme Court or Cour Supreme
Labor force 3.5 million (2003 est.) 1.74 million (1996)
Labor force - by occupation manufacturing 8.2%, construction 2.9%, wholesale and retail trade, restaurants, and hotels 43.5%, financing, insurance, and real estate 19.5%, transport and communications 7.8%, community and social services 17.8% (Note: above data exclude public sector) (2002 est.) agriculture 65%, industry 5%, services 30% (1998 est.)
Land boundaries total: 30 km


regional border: China 30 km
total:
1,647 km

border countries:
Benin 644 km, Burkina Faso 126 km, Ghana 877 km
Land use arable land: 5.05%


permanent crops: 1.01%


other: 93.94% (2001)
arable land:
38%

permanent crops:
7%

permanent pastures:
4%

forests and woodland:
17%

other:
34% (1993 est.)
Languages Chinese (Cantonese), English; both are official French (official and the language of commerce), Ewe and Mina (the two major African languages in the south), Kabye (sometimes spelled Kabiye) and Dagomba (the two major African languages in the north)
Legal system based on English common law French-based court system
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Council or LEGCO (60 seats; in 2004 30 seats indirectly elected by functional constituencies, 30 elected by popular vote; members serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 12 September 2004 (next to be held in September 2008)


election results: percent of vote by party - pro-democracy group 62%; seats by party - (pro-Beijing 34) DAB 12, Liberal Party 10, independents 11, FTU 1; (pro-democracy 25) independents 11, Democratic Party 9, CTU 2, ADPL 1, Frontier Party 1, NWSC 1
unicameral National Assembly (81 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 21 March 1999 (next due to be held NA October 2001)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPT 79, independents 2

note:
Togo's main opposition parties boycotted the election because of EYADEMA's alleged manipulation of 1998 presidential polling; in March of 1999, opposition parties entered into negotiations with the president over the establishment of an independent electoral commission and a new round of legislative elections, now scheduled for October 2001
Life expectancy at birth total population: 81.39 years


male: 78.72 years


female: 84.3 years (2004 est.)
total population:
54.35 years

male:
52.38 years

female:
56.38 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school


total population: 93.5%


male: 96.9%


female: 89.6% (2002)
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
51.7%

male:
67%

female:
37% (1995 est.)
Location Eastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and China Western Africa, bordering the Bight of Benin, between Benin and Ghana
Map references Southeast Asia Africa
Maritime claims territorial sea: 3 nm exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
30 NM
Merchant marine total: 663 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 20,478,042 GRT/34,554,455 DWT


by type: barge carrier 1, bulk 364, cargo 78, chemical tanker 23, combination bulk 2, combination ore/oil 3, container 97, liquefied gas 20, multi-functional large load carrier 1, petroleum tanker 60, refrigerated cargo 3, roll on/roll off 4, short-sea/passenger 1, specialized tanker 2, vehicle carrier 4


foreign-owned: Australia 2, Belgium 1, British Virgin Islands 1, China 178, Cyprus 1, Denmark 3, France 2, Germany 14, Greece 4, India 9, Indonesia 2, Japan 22, South Korea 2, Malaysia 3, Monaco 9, Norway 16, Panama 4, Philippines 17, Singapore 22, Taiwan 3, Thailand 1, United Kingdom 22, United States 1


registered in other countries: 569 (2004 est.)
total:
1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 2,603 GRT/2,800 DWT

ships by type:
specialized tanker 1 (2000 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of China -
Military branches no regular indigenous military forces; Hong Kong garrison of China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) including elements of the PLA Ground Forces, PLA Navy, and PLA Air Force; these forces are under the direct leadership of the Central Military Commission in Beijing and under administrative control of the adjacent Guangzhou Military Region Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie
Military expenditures - dollar figure Hong Kong garrison is funded by China; figures are NA $27 million (FY96)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA (FY02) 2% (FY96)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49: 1,878,574 (2004 est.) males age 15-49:
1,175,528 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49: 1,404,705 (2004 est.) males age 15-49:
616,622 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males: 41,821 (2004 est.) -
National holiday National Day (Anniversary of the Founding of the People's Republic of China), 1 October (1949); note - 1 July 1997 is celebrated as Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Establishment Day Independence Day, 27 April (1960)
Nationality noun: Chinese/Hong Konger


adjective: Chinese/Hong Kong
noun:
Togolese (singular and plural)

adjective:
Togolese
Natural hazards occasional typhoons hot, dry harmattan wind can reduce visibility in north during winter; periodic droughts
Natural resources outstanding deepwater harbor, feldspar phosphates, limestone, marble, arable land
Net migration rate 5.24 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) 0.15 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Political parties and leaders Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood or ADPL [Frederick FUNG Kin-kee, chairman]; Citizens Party [Alex CHAN Kai-chung]; Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong or DAB [MA Lik, chairman]; Democratic Party [LEE Wing-tat, chairman]; Frontier Party [Emily LAU Wai-hing, chairwoman]; Liberal Party [James TIEN Pei-chun, chairman]


note: political blocs include: pro-democracy - Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood, Democratic Party, Frontier Party; pro-Beijing - Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Progressive Alliance, Liberal Party
Action Committee for Renewal or CAR [Yawovi AGBOYIBO]; Coordination des Forces Nouvelles or CFN [Joseph KOFFIGOH]; Democratic Convention of African Peoples or CDPA [Leopold GNININVI]; Party for Democracy and Renewal or PDR [Zarifou AYEVA]; Patriotic Pan-African Convergence or CPP [Edem KODJO]; Rally of the Togolese People or RPT [President Gen. Gnassingbe EYADEMA]; Union of Forces for Change or UFC [Gilchrist OLYMPIO (in exile), Jeane-Pierre FABRE, general secretary in Togo]; Union of Independent Liberals or ULI [Jacques AMOUZO]

note:
Rally of the Togolese People or RPT, led by President EYADEMA, was the only party until the formation of multiple parties was legalized 12 April 1991
Political pressure groups and leaders Chinese General Chamber of Commerce (pro-China); Chinese Manufacturers' Association of Hong Kong; Confederation of Trade Unions (pro-democracy) [LAU Chin-shek, president; LEE Cheuk-yan, general secretary]; Federation of Hong Kong Industries; Federation of Trade Unions (pro-China) [CHENG Yiu-tong, executive councilor]; Hong Kong Alliance in Support of the Patriotic Democratic Movement in China [Szeto WAH, chairman]; Hong Kong and Kowloon Trade Union Council (pro-Taiwan); Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce; Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union [CHEUNG Man-kwong, president]; The Alliance [Bernard CHAN, exco member] NA
Population 6,855,125 (July 2004 est.) 5,153,088

note:
estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA 32% (1989 est.)
Population growth rate 0.65% (2004 est.) 2.6% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Hong Kong Kpeme, Lome
Radio broadcast stations AM 5, FM 9, shortwave 0 (2004) AM 2, FM 9, shortwave 4 (1998)
Radios - 940,000 (1997)
Railways - total:
525 km (1995)

narrow gauge:
525 km 1.000-m gauge
Religions eclectic mixture of local religions 90%, Christian 10% indigenous beliefs 59%, Christian 29%, Muslim 12%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.09 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.1 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female


total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.01 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.95 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.76 male(s)/female

total population:
0.97 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage direct election 18 years of age; universal for permanent residents living in the territory of Hong Kong for the past seven years; indirect election limited to about 200,000 members of functional constituencies and an 800-member election committee drawn from broad regional groupings, municipal organizations, and central government bodies NA years of age; universal adult
Telephone system general assessment: modern facilities provide excellent domestic and international services


domestic: microwave radio relay links and extensive fiber-optic network


international: country code - 852; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (1 Pacific Ocean and 2 Indian Ocean); coaxial cable to Guangzhou, China; access to 5 international submarine cables providing connections to ASEAN member nations, Japan, Taiwan, Australia, Middle East, and Western Europe
general assessment:
fair system based on a network of microwave radio relay routes supplemented by open-wire lines and a mobile cellular system

domestic:
microwave radio relay and open-wire lines for conventional system; cellular system has capacity of 10,000 telephones

international:
satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 Symphonie
Telephones - main lines in use 3,801,300 (2003) 25,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 7,241,400 (2003) 2,995 (1997)
Television broadcast stations 4 (2004) 3 (plus two repeaters) (1997)
Terrain hilly to mountainous with steep slopes; lowlands in north gently rolling savanna in north; central hills; southern plateau; low coastal plain with extensive lagoons and marshes
Total fertility rate 0.91 children born/woman (2004 est.) 5.32 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 7.9% (2003) NA%
Waterways - 50 km (Mono river)
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